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TitleAllosteric control of the bacterial ClpC/ClpP protease and its hijacking by antibacterial peptides.
Journal, issue, pagesEMBO J, Vol. 44, Issue 21, Page 6273-6296, Year 2025
Publish dateSep 29, 2025
AuthorsTimo Jenne / Lisa Engelhardt / Ieva Baronaite / Dorit Levy / Inbal Riven / Maciej Malolepszy / Stavros Azinas / Taras Sych / Erdinc Sezgin / Dirk Flemming / Irmgard Sinning / Gilad Haran / Marta Carroni / Axel Mogk /
PubMed AbstractThe hexameric AAA+ protein ClpC, combined with peptidase ClpP, forms a critical ATP-dependent protease in bacteria, essential for virulence. ClpC is usually repressed in an inactive resting state, ...The hexameric AAA+ protein ClpC, combined with peptidase ClpP, forms a critical ATP-dependent protease in bacteria, essential for virulence. ClpC is usually repressed in an inactive resting state, where two ClpC spirals interact via coiled-coil M-domains. Antibacterial peptides and partner proteins trigger ClpC activation by binding to its N-terminal domain (NTD). This study reveals that the NTD stabilizes the resting state through multiple anchoring points to M-domains and ATPase domains. The same NTD sites also serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins and substrates carrying phosphorylated arginines (pArg), disrupting resting state interactions and promoting active ClpC hexamer formation. This coupling ensures that ClpC activation aligns with substrate and partner protein availability. Toxic peptides exploit this regulatory mechanism, leading to continuous ClpC activation and harmful, uncontrolled proteolysis. These findings highlight the dual role of the NTD in maintaining resting state stability and mediating activation, emphasizing its critical role in bacterial protease regulation and its potential as a drug target.
External linksEMBO J / PubMed:41023306 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.7 - 4.7 Å
Structure data

53014

9qcl

EMDB-53014, PDB-9qcl:
S.aureus ClpC tetradecameric resting state
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.7 Å

53312

9qqr

EMDB-53312, PDB-9qqr:
S.aureus ClpC decameric resting state
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.7 Å

53324

9qrw

EMDB-53324, PDB-9qrw:
S.aureus ClpC dodecameric resting state
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.4 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-ATP:
ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / ATP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

ChemComp-ADP:
ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / ADP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

Source
  • staphylococcus aureus (bacteria)
KeywordsCHAPERONE / AAA+ / Unfoldase

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