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TitleThe dynamic lateral gate of the mitochondrial β-barrel biogenesis machinery is blocked by darobactin A.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 16, Issue 1, Page 11349, Year 2025
Publish dateNov 20, 2025
AuthorsKathryn A Diederichs / Istvan Botos / Scout Hayashi / Gvantsa Gutishvili / Vadim Kotov / Katie Kuo / Akira Iinishi / Gwendolyn Cooper / Benjamin Schwarz / Herve Celia / Thomas C Marlovits / Kim Lewis / James C Gumbart / Joseph A Mindell / Susan K Buchanan /
PubMed AbstractThe folding and insertion of β-barrel proteins into the mitochondrial outer membrane is facilitated by the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) complex. Here we report two 2.8 Å cryo-EM ...The folding and insertion of β-barrel proteins into the mitochondrial outer membrane is facilitated by the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) complex. Here we report two 2.8 Å cryo-EM structures of the Thermothelomyces thermophilus SAM complex in the absence of substrate in which the Sam50 lateral gate adopts two different conformations: the first is a closed lateral gate as observed in previously published structures, while the second contains a Sam50 with the first four β-strands rotated outwards by approximately 45°, resulting in an open lateral gate. The observed monomeric open conformation contrasts our previous work where the open conformation was adopted by non-physiological up-down dimers. To understand how these lateral gate dynamics are influenced by substrate, we studied the interaction of the SAM complex with a β-signal peptide mimic, darobactin A. Darobactin A binds to the SAM complex with nanomolar affinity and inhibits the import and assembly of mitochondrial β-barrel proteins in vitro. Lastly, we solved a 3.0 Å cryo-EM structure of the Thermothelomyces thermophilus SAM complex bound to darobactin A, which reveals that darobactin A stabilizes the Sam50 lateral gate similar to the open conformation by binding to strand β1, therefore blocking β-barrel biogenesis.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:41266328 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.84 - 3.0 Å
Structure data

EMDB-49494, PDB-9nk6:
Thermothelomyces thermophilus SAM complex closed conformation
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.88 Å

EMDB-49495, PDB-9nk7:
Thermothelomyces thermophilus SAM complex open conformation
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.84 Å

EMDB-49496, PDB-9nk8:
Thermothelomyces thermophilus SAM complex bound to darobactin A
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-ERG:
ERGOSTEROL

Source
  • thermothelomyces thermophilus (fungus)
  • photorhabdus khanii (bacteria)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / beta-barrel / sorting and assembly machinery / MEMBRANE PROTEIN/ANTIBIOTIC / MEMBRANE PROTEIN-ANTIBIOTIC complex

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