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TitleLetA defines a structurally distinct transporter family involved in lipid trafficking.
Journal, issue, pagesbioRxiv, Year 2025
Publish dateMar 22, 2025
AuthorsCristina C Santarossa / Yupeng Li / Sara Yousef / Hale S Hasdemir / Carlos C Rodriguez / Max B Haase / Minkyung Baek / Nicolas Coudray / John G Pavek / Kimber N Focke / Annika L Silverberg / Carmelita Bautista / Johannes Yeh / Michael T Marty / David Baker / Emad Tajkhorshid / Damian C Ekiert / Gira Bhabha
PubMed AbstractMembrane transport proteins translocate diverse cargos, ranging from small sugars to entire proteins, across cellular membranes. A few structurally distinct protein families have been described that ...Membrane transport proteins translocate diverse cargos, ranging from small sugars to entire proteins, across cellular membranes. A few structurally distinct protein families have been described that account for most of the known membrane transport processes. However, many membrane proteins with predicted transporter functions remain uncharacterized. We determined the structure of LetAB, a phospholipid transporter involved in outer membrane integrity, and found that LetA adopts a distinct architecture that is structurally and evolutionarily unrelated to known transporter families. LetA functions as a pump at one end of a ~225 Å long tunnel formed by its binding partner, MCE protein LetB, creating a pathway for lipid transport between the inner and outer membranes. Unexpectedly, the LetA transmembrane domains adopt a fold that is evolutionarily related to the eukaryotic tetraspanin family of membrane proteins, including TARPs and claudins. LetA has no detectable homology to known transport proteins, and defines a new class of membrane transporters. Through a combination of deep mutational scanning, molecular dynamics simulations, AlphaFold-predicted alternative states, and functional studies, we present a model for how the LetA-like family of membrane transporters may use energy from the proton-motive force to drive the transport of lipids across the bacterial cell envelope.
External linksbioRxiv / PubMed:40166208 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.8 - 3.5 Å
Structure data

EMDB-49145: Local refinement of crosslinked LetA and LetB MCE Rings 1 and 2 (Map 1a)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.4 Å

EMDB-49146: Local refinement of crosslinked LetB MCE Rings 2, 3 and 4 (Map 1b)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.8 Å

EMDB-49147: Local refinement of crosslinked LetB MCE Rings 5, 6 and 7 (Map 1c)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.9 Å

EMDB-49148: Intermembrane lipid transport complex LetAB from Escherichia coli (Crosslinked, Composite Map 1)
PDB-9n8w: Intermembrane lipid transport complex LetAB from Escherichia coli (Crosslinked, Composite model corresponding to Map 1)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.5 Å

EMDB-49149: Local refinement of LetA and LetB MCE Rings 1 and 2 (Map 2a)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.4 Å

EMDB-49150: Local refinement of LetB MCE Rings 2, 3 and 4 (Map 2b)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

EMDB-49151: Local refinement of LetB MCE Rings 5, 6 and 7 (Map 2c)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.9 Å

EMDB-49152: Intermembrane lipid transport complex LetAB from Escherichia coli (Composite Map 2)
PDB-9n8x: Intermembrane lipid transport complex LetAB from Escherichia coli (Composite model corresponding to Map 2)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.5 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-ZN:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-PEF:
DI-PALMITOYL-3-SN-PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE / phospholipid*YM

Source
  • escherichia coli (E. coli)
  • escherichia coli str. k-12 substr. mg1655 (bacteria)
KeywordsLIPID TRANSPORT / Lipid transporter / Outer membrane integrity / MCE system / Metal-binding protein / Intermembrane complex

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