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TitleHKU5 bat merbecoviruses engage bat and mink ACE2 as entry receptors.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 16, Issue 1, Page 6822, Year 2025
Publish dateJul 24, 2025
AuthorsMia Madel Alfajaro / Emma L Keeler / Ning Li / Nicholas J Catanzaro / I-Ting Teng / Zhe Zhao / Michael W Grunst / Boyd Yount / Alexandra Schäfer / Danyi Wang / Arthur S Kim / Aleksandra Synowiec / Mario A Peña-Hernández / Samantha Zepeda / Ridwan Arinola / Ramandeep Kaur / Bridget L Menasche / Jin Wei / Gabriel A Russell / John Huck / Jaewon Song / Aaron Ring / Akiko Iwasaki / Rohit K Jangra / Sanghyun Lee / David R Martinez / Walther Mothes / Pradeep D Uchil / John G Doench / Alicen B Spaulding / Ralph S Baric / Leonid Serebryannyy / Yaroslav Tsybovsky / Tongqing Zhou / Daniel C Douek / Craig B Wilen /
PubMed AbstractIdentifying receptors for bat coronaviruses is critical for spillover risk assessment, countermeasure development, and pandemic preparedness. While Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS- ...Identifying receptors for bat coronaviruses is critical for spillover risk assessment, countermeasure development, and pandemic preparedness. While Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) uses DPP4 for entry, the receptors of many MERS-related betacoronaviruses remain unknown. The bat merbecovirus HKU5 was previously shown to have an entry restriction in human cells. Using both pseudotyped and full-length virus, we show that HKU5 uses Pipistrellus abramus bat ACE2 but not human ACE2 or DPP4 as a receptor. Cryo-electron microscopy analysis of the virus-receptor complex and structure-guided mutagenesis reveal a spike and ACE2 interaction that is distinct from other ACE2-using coronaviruses. MERS-CoV vaccine sera poorly neutralize HKU5 informing pan-merbecovirus vaccine design. Notably, HKU5 can also engage American mink and stoat ACE2, revealing mustelids as potential intermediate hosts. These findings highlight the versatility of merbecovirus receptor use and underscore the need for continued surveillance of bat and mustelid species.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:40707428 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution4.2 Å
Structure data

48650

9mv0

EMDB-48650, PDB-9mv0:
Structure of HKU5 spike C-terminal domain in complex with ACE2 from Pipistrellus abramus
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.2 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

Source
  • Pipistrellus abramus bat coronavirus HKU5-related
  • pipistrellus abramus (Japanese house bat)
  • pipistrellus bat coronavirus hku5
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / Immune system / ACE2 / bat coronavirus / merbecovirus / HKU5

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