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TitleStructure of the photoreceptor synaptic assembly of the extracellular matrix protein pikachurin with the orphan receptor GPR179.
Journal, issue, pagesSci Signal, Vol. 16, Issue 795, Page eadd9539, Year 2023
Publish dateJul 25, 2023
AuthorsDipak N Patil / Serena Pantalone / Yan Cao / Thibaut Laboute / Scott J Novick / Shikha Singh / Simone Savino / Silvia Faravelli / Francesca Magnani / Patrick R Griffin / Appu K Singh / Federico Forneris / Kirill A Martemyanov /
PubMed AbstractPrecise synapse formation is essential for normal functioning of the nervous system. Retinal photoreceptors establish selective contacts with bipolar cells, aligning the neurotransmitter release ...Precise synapse formation is essential for normal functioning of the nervous system. Retinal photoreceptors establish selective contacts with bipolar cells, aligning the neurotransmitter release apparatus with postsynaptic signaling cascades. This involves transsynaptic assembly between the dystroglycan-dystrophin complex on the photoreceptor and the orphan receptor GPR179 on the bipolar cell, which is mediated by the extracellular matrix protein pikachurin (also known as EGFLAM). This complex plays a critical role in the synaptic organization of photoreceptors and signal transmission, and mutations affecting its components cause blinding disorders in humans. Here, we investigated the structural organization and molecular mechanisms by which pikachurin orchestrates transsynaptic assembly and solved structures of the human pikachurin domains by x-ray crystallography and of the GPR179-pikachurin complex by single-particle, cryo-electron microscopy. The structures reveal molecular recognition principles of pikachurin by the Cache domains of GPR179 and show how the interaction is involved in the transsynaptic alignment of the signaling machinery. Together, these data provide a structural basis for understanding the synaptic organization of photoreceptors and ocular pathology.
External linksSci Signal / PubMed:37490546 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle) / X-ray diffraction
Resolution2.1 - 3.57 Å
Structure data

27121

8d1b

EMDB-27121, PDB-8d1b:
CryoEM structure of human orphan GPCR GPR179 in complex with extracellular matrix protein pikachurin
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.57 Å

PDB-7zc9:
Human Pikachurin/EGFLAM C-terminal Laminin-G domain (LG3)
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 2.1 Å

PDB-7zcb:
Human Pikachurin/EGFLAM N-terminal Fibronectin-III (1-2) domains
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 2.5 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

ChemComp-SO4:
SULFATE ION

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

ChemComp-CL:
Unknown entry

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsSIGNALING PROTEIN / Bipolar cells / GPR179 ligand / Proteoglycan / Synapse / Signalosome / GPCR complex with ECM

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