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TitleIsolation, identification, and characterization of novel arenaviruses, the etiological agents of boid inclusion body disease.
Journal, issue, pagesJ Virol, Vol. 87, Issue 20, Page 10918-10935, Year 2013
Publish dateAug 7, 2013
AuthorsUdo Hetzel / Tarja Sironen / Pasi Laurinmäki / Lassi Liljeroos / Aino Patjas / Heikki Henttonen / Antti Vaheri / Annette Artelt / Anja Kipar / Sarah J Butcher / Olli Vapalahti / Jussi Hepojoki /
PubMed AbstractBoid inclusion body disease (BIBD) is a progressive, usually fatal disease of constrictor snakes, characterized by cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IB) in a wide range of cell types. To identify the ...Boid inclusion body disease (BIBD) is a progressive, usually fatal disease of constrictor snakes, characterized by cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IB) in a wide range of cell types. To identify the causative agent of the disease, we established cell cultures from BIBD-positive and -negative boa constrictors. The IB phenotype was maintained in cultured cells of affected animals, and supernatants from these cultures caused the phenotype in cultures originating from BIBD-negative snakes. Viruses were purified from the supernatants by ultracentrifugation and subsequently identified as arenaviruses. Purified virus also induced the IB phenotype in naive cells, which fulfilled Koch's postulates in vitro. One isolate, tentatively designated University of Helsinki virus (UHV), was studied in depth. Sequencing confirmed that UHV is a novel arenavirus species that is distinct from other known arenaviruses including those recently identified in snakes with BIBD. The morphology of UHV was established by cryoelectron tomography and subtomographic averaging, revealing the trimeric arenavirus spike structure at 3.2-nm resolution. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting with a polyclonal rabbit antiserum against UHV and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) revealed the presence of genetically diverse arenaviruses in a large cohort of snakes with BIBD, confirming the causative role of arenaviruses. Some snakes were also found to carry arenavirus antibodies. Furthermore, mammalian cells (Vero E6) were productively infected with UHV, demonstrating the potential of arenaviruses to cross species barriers. In conclusion, we propose the newly identified lineage of arenaviruses associated with BIBD as a novel taxonomic entity, boid inclusion body disease-associated arenaviruses (BIBDAV), in the family Arenaviridae.
External linksJ Virol / PubMed:23926354 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (subtomogram averaging)
Resolution32.0 Å
Structure data

EMDB-2424:
Sub-tomogram average of the glycoprotein spike of Boid Inclusion Body Disease associated ArenaVirus
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 32.0 Å

Source
  • Arenavirus

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