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TitleStructural insights into type-I and type-II Lamassu antiphage systems.
Journal, issue, pagesNat. Chem. Biol., Year 2026
Publish dateMay 13, 2025 (structure data deposition date)
AuthorsMing Li / Xiaolong Zhao / Xingyu Zhao / Dong Li / Weijia Xiong / Zirui Gao / Ling Huang / Linfeng An / Yongxiang Gao / Shanshan Li / Yue Feng / Kaiming Zhang / Yi Zhang /
PubMed AbstractBacteria have developed a variety of immune systems to combat phage infections. The Lamassu system is a prokaryotic immune system with a core conserved structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) ...Bacteria have developed a variety of immune systems to combat phage infections. The Lamassu system is a prokaryotic immune system with a core conserved structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) superfamily protein LmuB and diverse effectors named LmuA, whose mechanism remains unclear. Here we present a series of cryo-electron microscopy structures of the type-I Lamassu complex from Bacillus cellulasensis and the type-II Lamassu complex from Vibrio cholerae, both in apo and dsDNA-bound states, revealing an unexpected stoichiometry and topological architecture distinct from canonical SMC complexes. Combined structural and biochemical analyses show how the nuclease effector LmuA is sequestered in an inactive monomeric form within the Lamassu complex and, upon sensing foreign DNA ends, dissociates and assembles into an active tetramer capable of DNA cleavage. Our findings elucidate the mechanism by which Lamassu systems detect viral replication and implement antiphage defense, highlighting the roles of SMC proteins in prokaryotic immunity.
External linksNat. Chem. Biol. / PubMed:41482579
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.03 - 4.07 Å
Structure data

PDB-9ux7:
CryoEM Structure of LmuAB-DNA complex
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 3.73 Å

PDB-9ux8:
CryoEM Structure of LmuAB Apo State
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 3.71 Å

PDB-9uxh:
type II Lamassu, LmuACB with DNA
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 3.03 Å

PDB-9uxi:
type II Lamassu, LmuA tetramer
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 3.64 Å

PDB-9uxk:
type II Lamassu, LmuACB from Vibrio cholerae O1 El
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 3.54 Å

PDB-9uxl:
type II Lamassu, LmuACB from Vibrio cholerae O1 El
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 4.07 Å

Source
  • bacillus sp. nio-1130 (bacteria)
  • synthetic construct (others)
  • vibrio cholerae (bacteria)
KeywordsIMMUNE SYSTEM / complex / anti-phage system / DNA BINDING PROTEIN / endonuclease; Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) proteins; DNA BINDING PROTEIN

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