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TitleSmall-molecule inhibitors of human mitochondrial DNA transcription.
Journal, issue, pagesNature, Vol. 588, Issue 7839, Page 712-716, Year 2020
Publish dateDec 16, 2020
AuthorsNina A Bonekamp / Bradley Peter / Hauke S Hillen / Andrea Felser / Tim Bergbrede / Axel Choidas / Moritz Horn / Anke Unger / Raffaella Di Lucrezia / Ilian Atanassov / Xinping Li / Uwe Koch / Sascha Menninger / Joanna Boros / Peter Habenberger / Patrick Giavalisco / Patrick Cramer / Martin S Denzel / Peter Nussbaumer / Bert Klebl / Maria Falkenberg / Claes M Gustafsson / Nils-Göran Larsson /
PubMed AbstractAltered expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) occurs in ageing and a range of human pathologies (for example, inborn errors of metabolism, neurodegeneration and cancer). Here we describe first-in- ...Altered expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) occurs in ageing and a range of human pathologies (for example, inborn errors of metabolism, neurodegeneration and cancer). Here we describe first-in-class specific inhibitors of mitochondrial transcription (IMTs) that target the human mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT), which is essential for biogenesis of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. The IMTs efficiently impair mtDNA transcription in a reconstituted recombinant system and cause a dose-dependent inhibition of mtDNA expression and OXPHOS in cell lines. To verify the cellular target, we performed exome sequencing of mutagenized cells and identified a cluster of amino acid substitutions in POLRMT that cause resistance to IMTs. We obtained a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of POLRMT bound to an IMT, which further defined the allosteric binding site near the active centre cleft of POLRMT. The growth of cancer cells and the persistence of therapy-resistant cancer stem cells has previously been reported to depend on OXPHOS, and we therefore investigated whether IMTs have anti-tumour effects. Four weeks of oral treatment with an IMT is well-tolerated in mice and does not cause OXPHOS dysfunction or toxicity in normal tissues, despite inducing a strong anti-tumour response in xenografts of human cancer cells. In summary, IMTs provide a potent and specific chemical biology tool to study the role of mtDNA expression in physiology and disease.
External linksNature / PubMed:33328633
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.5 Å
Structure data

11679

7a8p

EMDB-11679, PDB-7a8p:
Structure of human mitochondrial RNA polymerase in complex with IMT inhibitor.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.5 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-R4Q:
(3~{R})-1-[(2~{R})-2-[4-(2-chloranyl-4-fluoranyl-phenyl)-2-oxidanylidene-chromen-7-yl]oxypropanoyl]piperidine-3-carboxylic acid

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsTRANSCRIPTION / Mitochondria / Polymerase / Inhibitor

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