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- EMDB-33456: Structure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Engineered x3 Disulfid... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-33456
TitleStructure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Engineered x3 Disulfide (x3(D427C, V987C) and single Arg S1/S2 cleavage site), Locked-2 Conformation
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike protein
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: BILIVERDINE IX ALPHA
  • Ligand: LINOLEIC ACID
Keywordsprotein engineering / spike protein / SARS-CoV-2 / VIRAL PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell ...Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / receptor ligand activity / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.2 Å
AuthorsQu K / Chen Q / Ciazynska KA / Liu B / Zhang X / Wang J / He Y / Guan J / He J / Liu T ...Qu K / Chen Q / Ciazynska KA / Liu B / Zhang X / Wang J / He Y / Guan J / He J / Liu T / Carter AP / Xiong X / Briggs JAG
Funding supportEuropean Union, United Kingdom, 3 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
European Research Council (ERC)ERC-CoG-648432European Union
Medical Research Council (MRC, United Kingdom)MC_UP_A025_1011 United Kingdom
Medical Research Council (MRC, United Kingdom)MC_UP_1201/16 United Kingdom
CitationJournal: PLoS Pathog / Year: 2022
Title: Engineered disulfide reveals structural dynamics of locked SARS-CoV-2 spike.
Authors: Kun Qu / Qiuluan Chen / Katarzyna A Ciazynska / Banghui Liu / Xixi Zhang / Jingjing Wang / Yujie He / Jiali Guan / Jun He / Tian Liu / Xiaofei Zhang / Andrew P Carter / Xiaoli Xiong / John A G Briggs /
Abstract: The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 has been observed in three distinct pre-fusion conformations: locked, closed and open. Of these, the function of the locked conformation remains poorly understood. ...The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 has been observed in three distinct pre-fusion conformations: locked, closed and open. Of these, the function of the locked conformation remains poorly understood. Here we engineered a SARS-CoV-2 S protein construct "S-R/x3" to arrest SARS-CoV-2 spikes in the locked conformation by a disulfide bond. Using this construct we determined high-resolution structures confirming that the x3 disulfide bond has the ability to stabilize the otherwise transient locked conformations. Structural analyses reveal that wild-type SARS-CoV-2 spike can adopt two distinct locked-1 and locked-2 conformations. For the D614G spike, based on which all variants of concern were evolved, only the locked-2 conformation was observed. Analysis of the structures suggests that rigidified domain D in the locked conformations interacts with the hinge to domain C and thereby restrains RBD movement. Structural change in domain D correlates with spike conformational change. We propose that the locked-1 and locked-2 conformations of S are present in the acidic high-lipid cellular compartments during virus assembly and egress. In this model, release of the virion into the neutral pH extracellular space would favour transition to the closed or open conformations. The dynamics of this transition can be altered by mutations that modulate domain D structure, as is the case for the D614G mutation, leading to changes in viral fitness. The S-R/x3 construct provides a tool for the further structural and functional characterization of the locked conformations of S, as well as how sequence changes might alter S assembly and regulation of receptor binding domain dynamics.
History
DepositionMay 18, 2022-
Header (metadata) releaseJul 20, 2022-
Map releaseJul 20, 2022-
UpdateNov 13, 2024-
Current statusNov 13, 2024Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_33456.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_33456.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 178 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.06 Å/pix.
x 360 pix.
= 381.96 Å		1.06 Å/pix.
x 360 pix.
= 381.96 Å		1.06 Å/pix.
x 360 pix.
= 381.96 Å

Surface

Projections

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.061 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.028
Minimum - Maximum-0.094957165 - 0.21758369
Average (Standard dev.)0.00012454178 (±0.0046253507)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions360360360
Spacing360360360
CellA=B=C: 381.96 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_33456_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_33456_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
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Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike protein

EntireName: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike protein
Components
  • Complex: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike protein
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: BILIVERDINE IX ALPHA
  • Ligand: LINOLEIC ACID

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Supramolecule #1: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike protein

SupramoleculeName: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike protein
type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Macromolecule #1: Spike glycoprotein

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 124.727242 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: ETGTQCVNLT TRTQLPPAYT NSFTRGVYYP DKVFRSSVLH STQDLFLPFF SNVTWFHAIH VSGTNGTKRF DNPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKS NIIRGWIFGT TLDSKTQSLL IVNNATNVVI KVCEFQFCND PFLGVYYHKN NKSWMESEFR VYSSANNCTF E YVSQPFLM ...String:
ETGTQCVNLT TRTQLPPAYT NSFTRGVYYP DKVFRSSVLH STQDLFLPFF SNVTWFHAIH VSGTNGTKRF DNPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKS NIIRGWIFGT TLDSKTQSLL IVNNATNVVI KVCEFQFCND PFLGVYYHKN NKSWMESEFR VYSSANNCTF E YVSQPFLM DLEGKQGNFK NLREFVFKNI DGYFKIYSKH TPINLVRDLP QGFSALEPLV DLPIGINITR FQTLLALHRS YL TPGDSSS GWTAGAAAYY VGYLQPRTFL LKYNENGTIT DAVDCALDPL SETKCTLKSF TVEKGIYQTS NFRVQPTESI VRF PNITNL CPFGEVFNAT RFASVYAWNR KRISNCVADY SVLYNSASFS TFKCYGVSPT KLNDLCFTNV YADSFVIRGD EVRQ IAPGQ TGKIADYNYK LPCDFTGCVI AWNSNNLDSK VGGNYNYLYR LFRKSNLKPF ERDISTEIYQ AGSTPCNGVE GFNCY FPLQ SYGFQPTNGV GYQPYRVVVL SFELLHAPAT VCGPKKSTNL VKNKCVNFNF NGLTGTGVLT ESNKKFLPFQ QFGRDI ADT TDAVRDPQTL EILDITPCSF GGVSVITPGT NTSNQVAVLY QDVNCTEVPV AIHADQLTPT WRVYSTGSNV FQTRAGC LI GAEHVNNSYE CDIPIGAGIC ASYQTQTNSR SVASQSIIAY TMSLGAENSV AYSNNSIAIP TNFTISVTTE ILPVSMTK T SVDCTMYICG DSTECSNLLL QYGSFCTQLN RALTGIAVEQ DKNTQEVFAQ VKQIYKTPPI KDFGGFNFSQ ILPDPSKPS KRSFIEDLLF NKVTLADAGF IKQYGDCLGD IAARDLICAQ KFNGLTVLPP LLTDEMIAQY TSALLAGTIT SGWTFGAGAA LQIPFAMQM AYRFNGIGVT QNVLYENQKL IANQFNSAIG KIQDSLSSTA SALGKLQDVV NQNAQALNTL VKQLSSNFGA I SSVLNDIL SRLDKCEAEV QIDRLITGRL QSLQTYVTQQ LIRAAEIRAS ANLAATKMSE CVLGQSKRVD FCGKGYHLMS FP QSAPHGV VFLHVTYVPA QEKNFTTAPA ICHDGKAHFP REGVFVSNGT HWFVTQRNFY EPQIITTDNT FVSGNCDVVI GIV NNTVYD P

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #3: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 36 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Macromolecule #4: BILIVERDINE IX ALPHA

MacromoleculeName: BILIVERDINE IX ALPHA / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 3 / Formula: BLA
Molecular weightTheoretical: 582.646 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-BLA:
BILIVERDINE IX ALPHA

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Macromolecule #5: LINOLEIC ACID

MacromoleculeName: LINOLEIC ACID / type: ligand / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 3 / Formula: EIC
Molecular weightTheoretical: 280.445 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-EIC:
LINOLEIC ACID

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration0.6 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.4
GridModel: C-flat-2/2 / Support film - Material: CARBON / Support film - topology: HOLEY ARRAY / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Time: 45 sec.
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 298 K

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Specialist opticsEnergy filter - Name: GIF Quantum LS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Number grids imaged: 1 / Number real images: 6642 / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 2.4 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm / Nominal magnification: 81000
Sample stageSpecimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER / Cooling holder cryogen: NITROGEN
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Particle selectionNumber selected: 2416397 / Details: Template picking
Startup modelType of model: OTHER
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C3 (3 fold cyclic) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.2 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 3.1) / Number images used: 18364
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 3.1)
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 3.1)
Final 3D classificationNumber classes: 8 / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 3.1)
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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Atomic model buiding 1

Initial modelPDB ID:

6zp2


Chain - Source name: PDB / Chain - Initial model type: experimental model
RefinementSpace: REAL / Protocol: FLEXIBLE FIT / Target criteria: Correlation coefficient
Output model

PDB-7xu2:
Structure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Engineered x3 Disulfide (x3(D427C, V987C) and single Arg S1/S2 cleavage site), Locked-2 Conformation

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