Database of articles cited by EMDB/PDB/SASBDB data

Keywords
Structure methods	All X-ray diffraction NMR electron microscopy small angle scattering neutron diffraction fiber diffraction powder diffraction infrared spectroscopy EPR fluorescence transfer theoretical model Hybrid
Author
Journal
IF	>30 >20 >10 >5 all

Title	Nanobodies from camelid mice and llamas neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Journal, issue, pages	Nature, Vol. 595, Issue 7866, Page 278-282, Year 2021
Publish date	Jun 7, 2021
Authors	Jianliang Xu / Kai Xu / Seolkyoung Jung / Andrea Conte / Jenna Lieberman / Frauke Muecksch / Julio Cesar Cetrulo Lorenzi / Solji Park / Fabian Schmidt / Zijun Wang / Yaoxing Huang / Yang Luo / Manoj S Nair / Pengfei Wang / Jonathan E Schulz / Lino Tessarollo / Tatsiana Bylund / Gwo-Yu Chuang / Adam S Olia / Tyler Stephens / I-Ting Teng / Yaroslav Tsybovsky / Tongqing Zhou / Vincent Munster / David D Ho / Theodora Hatziioannou / Paul D Bieniasz / Michel C Nussenzweig / Peter D Kwong / Rafael Casellas /
PubMed Abstract	Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has caused millions of deaths worldwide. Although a number of vaccines have been deployed, the continual evolution of the receptor-binding domain ...Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has caused millions of deaths worldwide. Although a number of vaccines have been deployed, the continual evolution of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the virus has challenged their efficacy. In particular, the emerging variants B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1 (first detected in the UK, South Africa and Brazil, respectively) have compromised the efficacy of sera from patients who have recovered from COVID-19 and immunotherapies that have received emergency use authorization. One potential alternative to avert viral escape is the use of camelid VHHs (variable heavy chain domains of heavy chain antibody (also known as nanobodies)), which can recognize epitopes that are often inaccessible to conventional antibodies. Here, we isolate anti-RBD nanobodies from llamas and from mice that we engineered to produce VHHs cloned from alpacas, dromedaries and Bactrian camels. We identified two groups of highly neutralizing nanobodies. Group 1 circumvents antigenic drift by recognizing an RBD region that is highly conserved in coronaviruses but rarely targeted by human antibodies. Group 2 is almost exclusively focused to the RBD-ACE2 interface and does not neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants that carry E484K or N501Y substitutions. However, nanobodies in group 2 retain full neutralization activity against these variants when expressed as homotrimers, and-to our knowledge-rival the most potent antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 that have been produced to date. These findings suggest that multivalent nanobodies overcome SARS-CoV-2 mutations through two separate mechanisms: enhanced avidity for the ACE2-binding domain and recognition of conserved epitopes that are largely inaccessible to human antibodies. Therefore, although new SARS-CoV-2 mutants will continue to emerge, nanobodies represent promising tools to prevent COVID-19 mortality when vaccines are compromised.
External links	Nature / PubMed:34098567 / PubMed Central
Methods	EM (single particle)
Resolution	2.65 - 2.9 Å
Structure data	24077 7my2 EMDB-24077, PDB-7my2: CryoEM structure of neutralizing nanobody Nb30 in complex with SARS-CoV2 spike Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.65 Å 24078 7my3 EMDB-24078, PDB-7my3: CryoEM structure of neutralizing nanobody Nb12 in complex with SARS-CoV2 spike Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.9 Å
Chemicals	ChemComp-NAG: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-Acetylglucosamine
Source	severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 mus musculus (house mouse)
Keywords	IMMUNE SYSTEM/VIRAL PROTEIN / SARS-CoV2 / nanobody / neutralizing / spike / IMMUNE SYSTEM-VIRAL PROTEIN complex