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TitleTMEM106B is a receptor mediating ACE2-independent SARS-CoV-2 cell entry.
Journal, issue, pagesCell, Vol. 186, Issue 16, Page 3427-3442.e22, Year 2023
Publish dateAug 3, 2023
AuthorsJim Baggen / Maarten Jacquemyn / Leentje Persoons / Els Vanstreels / Valerie E Pye / Antoni G Wrobel / Valeria Calvaresi / Stephen R Martin / Chloë Roustan / Nora B Cronin / Eamonn Reading / Hendrik Jan Thibaut / Thomas Vercruysse / Piet Maes / Frederik De Smet / Angie Yee / Toey Nivitchanyong / Marina Roell / Natalia Franco-Hernandez / Herve Rhinn / Alusha Andre Mamchak / Maxime Ah Young-Chapon / Eric Brown / Peter Cherepanov / Dirk Daelemans /
PubMed AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is associated with broad tissue tropism, a characteristic often determined by the availability of entry receptors on host cells. Here, we show that TMEM106B, a lysosomal transmembrane ...SARS-CoV-2 is associated with broad tissue tropism, a characteristic often determined by the availability of entry receptors on host cells. Here, we show that TMEM106B, a lysosomal transmembrane protein, can serve as an alternative receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-negative cells. Spike substitution E484D increased TMEM106B binding, thereby enhancing TMEM106B-mediated entry. TMEM106B-specific monoclonal antibodies blocked SARS-CoV-2 infection, demonstrating a role of TMEM106B in viral entry. Using X-ray crystallography, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), and hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), we show that the luminal domain (LD) of TMEM106B engages the receptor-binding motif of SARS-CoV-2 spike. Finally, we show that TMEM106B promotes spike-mediated syncytium formation, suggesting a role of TMEM106B in viral fusion. Together, our findings identify an ACE2-independent SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanism that involves cooperative interactions with the receptors heparan sulfate and TMEM106B.
External linksCell / PubMed:37421949 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle) / X-ray diffraction
Resolution2.59 - 4.83 Å
Structure data

EMDB-17169: Cryo-EM structure of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike bound to TMEM106B
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.52 Å

EMDB-17170: Local refinement of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD bound to TMEM106B
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.83 Å

PDB-8b7d:
Luminal domain of TMEM106B
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 2.59 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-Acetylglucosamine

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER / Water

Source
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / luminal domain / fibronectin type III (Fn3) / 7-bladed beta-sandwich fold / receptor binding / SARS CoV2 / Covid19

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