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TitleStructural basis of ALMT1-mediated aluminum resistance in Arabidopsis.
Journal, issue, pagesCell Res, Vol. 32, Issue 1, Page 89-98, Year 2022
Publish dateNov 19, 2021
AuthorsJiangqin Wang / Xiafei Yu / Zhong Jie Ding / Xiaokang Zhang / Yanping Luo / Ximing Xu / Yuan Xie / Xiaoxiao Li / Tian Yuan / Shao Jian Zheng / Wei Yang / Jiangtao Guo /
PubMed AbstractThe plant aluminum (Al)-activated malate transporter ALMT1 mediates the efflux of malate to chelate the Al in acidic soils and underlies the plant Al resistance. Here we present cryo-electron ...The plant aluminum (Al)-activated malate transporter ALMT1 mediates the efflux of malate to chelate the Al in acidic soils and underlies the plant Al resistance. Here we present cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of Arabidopsis thaliana ALMT1 (AtALMT1) in the apo, malate-bound, and Al-bound states at neutral and/or acidic pH at up to 3.0 Å resolution. The AtALMT1 dimer assembles an anion channel and each subunit contains six transmembrane helices (TMs) and six cytosolic α-helices. Two pairs of Arg residues are located in the center of the channel pore and contribute to malate recognition. Al binds at the extracellular side of AtALMT1 and induces conformational changes of the TM1-2 loop and the TM5-6 loop, resulting in the opening of the extracellular gate. These structures, along with electrophysiological measurements, molecular dynamic simulations, and mutagenesis study in Arabidopsis, elucidate the structural basis for Al-activated malate transport by ALMT1.
External linksCell Res / PubMed:34799726 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.0 - 3.6 Å
Structure data

32050

7voj

EMDB-32050, PDB-7voj:
Al-bound structure of the AtALMT1 mutant M60A
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

32084

7vq3

EMDB-32084, PDB-7vq3:
The apo-state AtALMT1 structures at pH 5 (ALMT1apo/pH5)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.2 Å

32085

7vq4

EMDB-32085, PDB-7vq4:
The apo-state AtALMT1 structure at pH 7.5(ALMT1apo/pH7.5)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.2 Å

32086

7vq5

EMDB-32086, PDB-7vq5:
The malate-bound AtALMT1 structure at pH 7.5 (ALMT1malate/pH7.5)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

32087

7vq7

EMDB-32087, PDB-7vq7:
The Al-bound AtALMT1 structure at pH 5 (ALMT1Al/pH5)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-ACY:
ACETIC ACID / Acetic acid

ChemComp-AL:
ALUMINUM ION / Aluminium

ChemComp-LMR:
(2S)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid / Malic acid

Source
  • arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
KeywordsTRANSPORT PROTEIN / ALMT1 / Aluminum Resistance / malate transport

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