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Structure paper

タイトル	Structure of the translating ribosome arrested by cycloheximide.
ジャーナル・号・ページ	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 118, Issue 48, Year 2021
掲載日	2021年11月30日
著者	Lunda Shen / Zhaoming Su / Kailu Yang / Cheng Wu / Thomas Becker / Deborah Bell-Pedersen / Junjie Zhang / Matthew S Sachs /
PubMed 要旨	Ribosomes translate RNA into proteins. The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) is widely used to inhibit eukaryotic ribosomes engaged in translation elongation. However, the lack of ...Ribosomes translate RNA into proteins. The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) is widely used to inhibit eukaryotic ribosomes engaged in translation elongation. However, the lack of structural data for actively translating polyribosomes stalled by CHX leaves unanswered the question of which elongation step is inhibited. We elucidated CHX's mechanism of action based on the cryo-electron microscopy structure of actively translating ribosomes bound with CHX at 2.7-Å resolution. The ribosome structure from this filamentous fungus contains clearly resolved ribosomal protein eL28, like higher eukaryotes but unlike budding yeast, which lacks eL28. Despite some differences in overall structures, the ribosomes from , yeast, and humans all contain a highly conserved CHX binding site. We also sequenced classic CHX-resistant alleles. These mutations, including one at a residue not previously observed to affect CHX resistance in eukaryotes, were in the large subunit proteins uL15 and eL42 that are part of the CHX-binding pocket. In addition to A-site transfer RNA (tRNA), P-site tRNA, messenger RNA, and CHX that are associated with the translating ribosome, spermidine is present near the CHX binding site close to the E site on the large subunit. The tRNAs in the peptidyl transferase center are in the A/A site and the P/P site. The nascent peptide is attached to the A-site tRNA and not to the P-site tRNA. The structural and functional data obtained show that CHX arrests the ribosome in the classical PRE translocation state and does not interfere with A-site reactivity.
リンク	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / PubMed:34815343 / PubMed Central
手法	EM (単粒子)
解像度	2.7 Å
構造データ	24307 7r81 EMDB-24307, PDB-7r81: Structure of the translating Neurospora crassa ribosome arrested by cycloheximide 手法: EM (単粒子) / 解像度: 2.7 Å
化合物	ChemComp-3HE: 4-{(2R)-2-[(1S,3S,5S)-3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl]-2-hydroxyethyl}piperidine-2,6-dione / シクロヘキシミド / シクロヘキシミド ChemComp-SPD: SPERMIDINE / スペルミジン / スペルミジン ChemComp-MG: Unknown entry / マグネシウムジカチオン
由来	neurospora crassa (アカパンカビ)
キーワード	TRANSLATION (翻訳 (生物学)) / Protein Synthesis Inhibitor / Cytosolic Ribosome / Polysomal Ribosome / Peptidyl Transferase Center