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- PDB-6bfu: Glycan shield and fusion activation of a deltacoronavirus spike g... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 6bfu
TitleGlycan shield and fusion activation of a deltacoronavirus spike glycoprotein fine-tuned for enteric infections
ComponentsSpike protein
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / coronavirus spike glycoprotein / porcine deltacoronavirus / viral fusion protein / glycan shield / Structural Genomics / Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease / SSGCID
Function / homology
Function and homology information


: / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / membrane => GO:0016020 / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike glycoprotein S1, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2, intravirion / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2 / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Spike protein / Spike protein
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesPorcine deltacoronavirus
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.5 Å
AuthorsXiong, X. / Tortorici, M.A. / Snijder, S. / Yoshioka, C. / Walls, A.C. / Li, W. / Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease (SSGCID) / McGuire, A.T. / Rey, F.A. / Bosch, B.J. / Veesler, D.
Funding support United States, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)1R01GM120553 United States
CitationJournal: J Virol / Year: 2018
Title: Glycan Shield and Fusion Activation of a Deltacoronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Fine-Tuned for Enteric Infections.
Authors: Xiaoli Xiong / M Alejandra Tortorici / Joost Snijder / Craig Yoshioka / Alexandra C Walls / Wentao Li / Andrew T McGuire / Félix A Rey / Berend-Jan Bosch / David Veesler /
Abstract: Coronaviruses recently emerged as major human pathogens causing outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome. They utilize the spike (S) glycoprotein anchored ...Coronaviruses recently emerged as major human pathogens causing outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome. They utilize the spike (S) glycoprotein anchored in the viral envelope to mediate host attachment and fusion of the viral and cellular membranes to initiate infection. The S protein is a major determinant of the zoonotic potential of coronaviruses and is also the main target of the host humoral immune response. We report here the 3.5-Å-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the S glycoprotein trimer from the pathogenic porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), which belongs to the recently identified genus. Structural and glycoproteomics data indicate that the glycans of PDCoV S are topologically conserved compared with the human respiratory coronavirus NL63 S, resulting in similar surface areas being shielded from neutralizing antibodies and implying that both viruses are under comparable immune pressure in their respective hosts. The structure further reveals a shortened S' activation loop, containing a reduced number of basic amino acids, which participates in rendering the spike largely protease resistant. This property distinguishes PDCoV S from recently characterized betacoronavirus S proteins and suggests that the S protein of enterotropic PDCoV has evolved to tolerate the protease-rich environment of the small intestine and to fine-tune its fusion activation to avoid premature triggering and reduction of infectivity. Coronaviruses use transmembrane S glycoprotein trimers to promote host attachment and fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. We determined a near-atomic-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the S ectodomain trimer from the pathogenic PDCoV, which is responsible for diarrhea in piglets and has had devastating consequences for the swine industry worldwide. Structural and glycoproteomics data reveal that PDCoV S is decorated with 78 N-linked glycans obstructing the protein surface to limit accessibility to neutralizing antibodies in a way reminiscent of what has recently been described for a human respiratory coronavirus. PDCoV S is largely protease resistant, which distinguishes it from most other characterized coronavirus S glycoproteins and suggests that enteric coronaviruses have evolved to fine-tune fusion activation in the protease-rich environment of the small intestine of infected hosts.
History
DepositionOct 27, 2017Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Nov 22, 2017Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Dec 6, 2017Group: Author supporting evidence / Category: pdbx_audit_support / Item: _pdbx_audit_support.funding_organization
Revision 1.2Jan 24, 2018Group: Structure summary / Category: audit_author
Revision 1.3Feb 6, 2019Group: Data collection / Other / Structure summary
Category: pdbx_SG_project / pdbx_database_status / struct_keywords
Item: _pdbx_database_status.SG_entry / _struct_keywords.text
Revision 1.4Apr 3, 2019Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.title / _citation.year
Revision 1.5Jan 1, 2020Group: Author supporting evidence / Category: pdbx_audit_support / Item: _pdbx_audit_support.funding_organization
Revision 2.0Jul 29, 2020Group: Atomic model / Data collection ...Atomic model / Data collection / Derived calculations / Structure summary
Category: atom_site / chem_comp ...atom_site / chem_comp / entity / pdbx_branch_scheme / pdbx_chem_comp_identifier / pdbx_entity_branch / pdbx_entity_branch_descriptor / pdbx_entity_branch_link / pdbx_entity_branch_list / pdbx_entity_nonpoly / pdbx_nonpoly_scheme / pdbx_struct_assembly_gen / struct_asym / struct_conn
Item: _atom_site.B_iso_or_equiv / _atom_site.Cartn_x ..._atom_site.B_iso_or_equiv / _atom_site.Cartn_x / _atom_site.Cartn_y / _atom_site.Cartn_z / _atom_site.auth_asym_id / _atom_site.auth_atom_id / _atom_site.auth_comp_id / _atom_site.auth_seq_id / _atom_site.label_asym_id / _atom_site.label_atom_id / _atom_site.label_comp_id / _atom_site.label_entity_id / _atom_site.type_symbol / _chem_comp.name / _chem_comp.type / _pdbx_struct_assembly_gen.asym_id_list / _struct_conn.pdbx_role / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_asym_id
Description: Carbohydrate remediation / Provider: repository / Type: Remediation

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Structure visualization

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Spike protein
B: Spike protein
C: Spike protein
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)370,10666
Polymers337,5443
Non-polymers32,56263
Water0
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area73980 Å2
ΔGint337 kcal/mol
Surface area125510 Å2

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Components

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Protein , 1 types, 3 molecules ABC

#1: Protein Spike protein / / spike glycoprotein


Mass: 112514.773 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Porcine deltacoronavirus / Production host: Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) / References: UniProt: A0A140ES81, UniProt: A0A140ESF1*PLUS

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Sugars , 5 types, 63 molecules

#2: Polysaccharide
alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D- ...alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 1072.964 Da / Num. of mol.: 9
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpa1-2DManpa1-3[DManpa1-6]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/3,6,5/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-3-3/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-f1_d2-e1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{[(2+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#3: Polysaccharide...
beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta- ...beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 586.542 Da / Num. of mol.: 21
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/2,3,2/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5]/1-1-2/a4-b1_b4-c1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#4: Polysaccharide
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 424.401 Da / Num. of mol.: 6
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/1,2,1/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O]/1-1/a4-b1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#5: Polysaccharide alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2- ...alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-3)-[alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-6)]beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 910.823 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpa1-3[DManpa1-6]DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/3,5,4/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5][a1122h-1a_1-5]/1-1-2-3-3/a4-b1_b4-c1_c3-d1_c6-e1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{[(3+1)][a-D-Manp]{}[(6+1)][a-D-Manp]{}}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#6: Sugar...
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-Acetylglucosamine


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 24
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Porcine deltacoronavirus spike glycoprotein / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Porcine deltacoronavirus
Source (recombinant)Organism: Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenConc.: 0.5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELDBright-field microscopy
Image recordingElectron dose: 40 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameCategory
11RELIONfinal Euler assignment
13RELION3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C3 (3 fold cyclic)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 455710 / Symmetry type: POINT

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