Journal: Cell Host Microbe / Year: 2023 Title: IFITM3 blocks influenza virus entry by sorting lipids and stabilizing hemifusion. Authors: Steffen Klein / Gonen Golani / Fabio Lolicato / Carmen Lahr / Daniel Beyer / Alexia Herrmann / Moritz Wachsmuth-Melm / Nina Reddmann / Romy Brecht / Mehdi Hosseinzadeh / Androniki Kolovou / ...Authors: Steffen Klein / Gonen Golani / Fabio Lolicato / Carmen Lahr / Daniel Beyer / Alexia Herrmann / Moritz Wachsmuth-Melm / Nina Reddmann / Romy Brecht / Mehdi Hosseinzadeh / Androniki Kolovou / Jana Makroczyova / Sarah Peterl / Martin Schorb / Yannick Schwab / Britta Brügger / Walter Nickel / Ulrich S Schwarz / Petr Chlanda / Abstract: Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) inhibits the entry of numerous viruses through undefined molecular mechanisms. IFITM3 localizes in the endosomal-lysosomal system and specifically ...Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) inhibits the entry of numerous viruses through undefined molecular mechanisms. IFITM3 localizes in the endosomal-lysosomal system and specifically affects virus fusion with target cell membranes. We found that IFITM3 induces local lipid sorting, resulting in an increased concentration of lipids disfavoring viral fusion at the hemifusion site. This increases the energy barrier for fusion pore formation and the hemifusion dwell time, promoting viral degradation in lysosomes. In situ cryo-electron tomography captured IFITM3-mediated arrest of influenza A virus membrane fusion. Observation of hemifusion diaphragms between viral particles and late endosomal membranes confirmed hemifusion stabilization as a molecular mechanism of IFITM3. The presence of the influenza fusion protein hemagglutinin in post-fusion conformation close to hemifusion sites further indicated that IFITM3 does not interfere with the viral fusion machinery. Collectively, these findings show that IFITM3 induces lipid sorting to stabilize hemifusion and prevent virus entry into target cells.
Focused ion beam - Instrument: OTHER / Focused ion beam - Ion: OTHER / Focused ion beam - Voltage: 30 kV / Focused ion beam - Current: 0.3 nA / Focused ion beam - Duration: 600 sec. / Focused ion beam - Temperature: 100 K / Focused ion beam - Initial thickness: 6000 nm / Focused ion beam - Final thickness: 150 nm Focused ion beam - Details: The value given for _em_focused_ion_beam.instrument is ThermoFisher Aquilos. This is not in a list of allowed values {'DB235', 'OTHER'} so OTHER is written into the XML file.
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Electron microscopy
Microscope
FEI TITAN KRIOS
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Acceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
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