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- EMDB-15022: CryoEM structure of Ku heterodimer bound to DNA, PAXX and XLF -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-15022
TitleCryoEM structure of Ku heterodimer bound to DNA, PAXX and XLF
Map data
Sample
  • Organelle or cellular component: Ku70/80 hetero dimer bound to DNA, PAXX and XLF
    • Protein or peptide: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6
    • Protein or peptide: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5
    • Protein or peptide: Protein PAXX
    • Protein or peptide: Non-homologous end-joining factor 1
    • DNA: DNA
  • DNA: DNA
  • Ligand: PHOSPHATE IONPhosphate
KeywordsNHEJ / Ku70 / Ku80 / DNA damage / DNA BINDING PROTEIN / XLF
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of ligase activity / DNA ligase IV complex / DNA ligation involved in DNA repair / Ku70:Ku80 complex / negative regulation of t-circle formation / DNA end binding / small-subunit processome assembly / positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation / DNA-dependent protein kinase complex / DNA-dependent protein kinase-DNA ligase 4 complex ...positive regulation of ligase activity / DNA ligase IV complex / DNA ligation involved in DNA repair / Ku70:Ku80 complex / negative regulation of t-circle formation / DNA end binding / small-subunit processome assembly / positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation / DNA-dependent protein kinase complex / DNA-dependent protein kinase-DNA ligase 4 complex / cellular response to X-ray / immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination / nonhomologous end joining complex / DNA ligation / nuclear telomere cap complex / regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA / double-strand break repair via classical nonhomologous end joining / IRF3-mediated induction of type I IFN / recombinational repair / regulation of telomere maintenance / U3 snoRNA binding / positive regulation of neurogenesis / protein localization to chromosome, telomeric region / cellular response to fatty acid / hematopoietic stem cell proliferation / cellular hyperosmotic salinity response / response to ionizing radiation / telomeric DNA binding / positive regulation of catalytic activity / 2-LTR circle formation / site of DNA damage / Lyases; Carbon-oxygen lyases; Other carbon-oxygen lyases / enzyme activator activity / T cell differentiation / 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity / hematopoietic stem cell differentiation / positive regulation of protein kinase activity / ATP-dependent activity, acting on DNA / DNA polymerase binding / positive regulation of telomerase activity / positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase / DNA helicase activity / activation of innate immune response / telomere maintenance / cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor / neurogenesis / cyclin binding / small-subunit processome / B cell differentiation / central nervous system development / protein-DNA complex / Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ) / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on acid anhydrides to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / cellular response to gamma radiation / fibrillar center / double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining / double-strand break repair / site of double-strand break / double-stranded DNA binding / scaffold protein binding / secretory granule lumen / DNA recombination / ficolin-1-rich granule lumen / transcription regulator complex / chromosome, telomeric region / damaged DNA binding / molecular adaptor activity / transcription cis-regulatory region binding / response to xenobiotic stimulus / ribonucleoprotein complex / innate immune response / negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription / DNA damage response / ubiquitin protein ligase binding / Neutrophil degranulation / protein-containing complex binding / nucleolus / positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription / ATP hydrolysis activity / protein homodimerization activity / positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II / protein-containing complex / DNA binding / RNA binding / extracellular region / nucleoplasm / ATP binding / membrane / identical protein binding / nucleus / plasma membrane / cytosol / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
Protein PAXX / PAXX, PAralog of XRCC4 and XLF, also called C9orf142 / XLF, N-terminal / XLF-Cernunnos, XRcc4-like factor, NHEJ component / XRCC4-like, N-terminal domain superfamily / Ku70, bridge and pillars domain superfamily / : / Ku70 / Ku, C-terminal / Ku, C-terminal domain superfamily ...Protein PAXX / PAXX, PAralog of XRCC4 and XLF, also called C9orf142 / XLF, N-terminal / XLF-Cernunnos, XRcc4-like factor, NHEJ component / XRCC4-like, N-terminal domain superfamily / Ku70, bridge and pillars domain superfamily / : / Ku70 / Ku, C-terminal / Ku, C-terminal domain superfamily / Ku C terminal domain like / Ku80 / Ku70/Ku80 C-terminal arm / Ku70/Ku80, N-terminal alpha/beta / Ku70/Ku80 beta-barrel domain / Ku70/Ku80 C-terminal arm / Ku70/Ku80 N-terminal alpha/beta domain / Ku70 and Ku80 are 70kDa and 80kDa subunits of the Lupus Ku autoantigen / Ku70/Ku80 beta-barrel domain / SPOC-like, C-terminal domain superfamily / SAP domain superfamily / SAP domain / SAP motif profile. / Putative DNA-binding (bihelical) motif predicted to be involved in chromosomal organisation / SAP domain / von Willebrand factor (vWF) type A domain / von Willebrand factor, type A / von Willebrand factor A-like domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6 / X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 / Protein PAXX / Non-homologous end-joining factor 1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.68 Å
AuthorsHardwick SW / Kefala-Stavridi A / Chirgadze DY / Blundell TL / Chaplin AK
Funding support United Kingdom, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Wellcome Trust200814/Z/16/Z; 2016 United Kingdom
CitationJournal: Sci Adv / Year: 2023
Title: PAXX binding to the NHEJ machinery explains functional redundancy with XLF.
Authors: Murielle Seif-El-Dahan / Antonia Kefala-Stavridi / Philippe Frit / Steven W Hardwick / Dima Y Chirgadze / Taiana Maia De Oliviera / Jessica Andreani / Sébastien Britton / Nadia Barboule / ...Authors: Murielle Seif-El-Dahan / Antonia Kefala-Stavridi / Philippe Frit / Steven W Hardwick / Dima Y Chirgadze / Taiana Maia De Oliviera / Jessica Andreani / Sébastien Britton / Nadia Barboule / Madeleine Bossaert / Arun Prasad Pandurangan / Katheryn Meek / Tom L Blundell / Virginie Ropars / Patrick Calsou / Jean-Baptiste Charbonnier / Amanda K Chaplin /
Abstract: Nonhomologous end joining is a critical mechanism that repairs DNA double-strand breaks in human cells. In this work, we address the structural and functional role of the accessory protein PAXX ...Nonhomologous end joining is a critical mechanism that repairs DNA double-strand breaks in human cells. In this work, we address the structural and functional role of the accessory protein PAXX [paralog of x-ray repair cross-complementing protein 4 (XRCC4) and XRCC4-like factor (XLF)] in this mechanism. Here, we report high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and x-ray crystallography structures of the PAXX C-terminal Ku-binding motif bound to Ku70/80 and cryo-EM structures of PAXX bound to two alternate DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) end-bridging dimers, mediated by either Ku80 or XLF. We identify residues critical for the Ku70/PAXX interaction in vitro and in cells. We demonstrate that PAXX and XLF can bind simultaneously to the Ku heterodimer and act as structural bridges in alternate forms of DNA-PK dimers. Last, we show that engagement of both proteins provides a complementary advantage for DNA end synapsis and end joining in cells.
History
DepositionMay 24, 2022-
Header (metadata) releaseJun 7, 2023-
Map releaseJun 7, 2023-
UpdateJun 14, 2023-
Current statusJun 14, 2023Processing site: PDBe / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_15022.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_15022.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 244.1 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.65 Å
Density
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.083
Minimum - Maximum-0.30146906 - 0.5920373
Average (Standard dev.)0.00037470597 (±0.013716418)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderZYX
Origin000
Dimensions400400400
Spacing400400400
CellA=B=C: 260.0 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_15022_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_15022_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Ku70/80 hetero dimer bound to DNA, PAXX and XLF

EntireName: Ku70/80 hetero dimer bound to DNA, PAXX and XLF
Components
  • Organelle or cellular component: Ku70/80 hetero dimer bound to DNA, PAXX and XLF
    • Protein or peptide: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6
    • Protein or peptide: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5
    • Protein or peptide: Protein PAXX
    • Protein or peptide: Non-homologous end-joining factor 1
    • DNA: DNA
  • DNA: DNA
  • Ligand: PHOSPHATE IONPhosphate

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Supramolecule #1: Ku70/80 hetero dimer bound to DNA, PAXX and XLF

SupramoleculeName: Ku70/80 hetero dimer bound to DNA, PAXX and XLF / type: organelle_or_cellular_component / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#4, #6
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 160 KDa

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Macromolecule #1: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6

MacromoleculeName: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
EC number: Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on acid anhydrides to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 69.945039 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MSGWESYYKT EGDEEAEEEQ EENLEASGDY KYSGRDSLIF LVDASKAMFE SQSEDELTPF DMSIQCIQSV YISKIISSDR DLLAVVFYG TEKDKNSVNF KNIYVLQELD NPGAKRILEL DQFKGQQGQK RFQDMMGHGS DYSLSEVLWV CANLFSDVQF K MSHKRIML ...String:
MSGWESYYKT EGDEEAEEEQ EENLEASGDY KYSGRDSLIF LVDASKAMFE SQSEDELTPF DMSIQCIQSV YISKIISSDR DLLAVVFYG TEKDKNSVNF KNIYVLQELD NPGAKRILEL DQFKGQQGQK RFQDMMGHGS DYSLSEVLWV CANLFSDVQF K MSHKRIML FTNEDNPHGN DSAKASRART KAGDLRDTGI FLDLMHLKKP GGFDISLFYR DIISIAEDED LRVHFEESSK LE DLLRKVR AKETRKRALS RLKLKLNKDI VISVGIYNLV QKALKPPPIK LYRETNEPVK TKTRTFNTST GGLLLPSDTK RSQ IYGSRQ IILEKEETEE LKRFDDPGLM LMGFKPLVLL KKHHYLRPSL FVYPEESLVI GSSTLFSALL IKCLEKEVAA LCRY TPRRN IPPYFVALVP QEEELDDQKI QVTPPGFQLV FLPFADDKRK MPFTEKIMAT PEQVGKMKAI VEKLRFTYRS DSFEN PVLQ QHFRNLEALA LDLMEPEQAV DLTLPKVEAM NKRLGSLVDE FKELVYPPDY NPEGKVTKRK HDNEGSGSKR PKVEYS EEE LKTHISKGTL GKFTVPMLKE ACRAYGLKSG LKKQELLEAL TKHFQD

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Macromolecule #2: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5

MacromoleculeName: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
EC number: Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on acid anhydrides to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 82.812438 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MVRSGNKAAV VLCMDVGFTM SNSIPGIESP FEQAKKVITM FVQRQVFAEN KDEIALVLFG TDGTDNPLSG GDQYQNITVH RHLMLPDFD LLEDIESKIQ PGSQQADFLD ALIVSMDVIQ HETIGKKFEK RHIEIFTDLS SRFSKSQLDI IIHSLKKCDI S LQFFLPFS ...String:
MVRSGNKAAV VLCMDVGFTM SNSIPGIESP FEQAKKVITM FVQRQVFAEN KDEIALVLFG TDGTDNPLSG GDQYQNITVH RHLMLPDFD LLEDIESKIQ PGSQQADFLD ALIVSMDVIQ HETIGKKFEK RHIEIFTDLS SRFSKSQLDI IIHSLKKCDI S LQFFLPFS LGKEDGSGDR GDGPFRLGGH GPSFPLKGIT EQQKEGLEIV KMVMISLEGE DGLDEIYSFS ESLRKLCVFK KI ERHSIHW PCRLTIGSNL SIRIAAYKSI LQERVKKTWT VVDAKTLKKE DIQKETVYCL NDDDETEVLK EDIIQGFRYG SDI VPFSKV DEEQMKYKSE GKCFSVLGFC KSSQVQRRFF MGNQVLKVFA ARDDEAAAVA LSSLIHALDD LDMVAIVRYA YDKR ANPQV GVAFPHIKHN YECLVYVQLP FMEDLRQYMF SSLKNSKKYA PTEAQLNAVD ALIDSMSLAK KDEKTDTLED LFPTT KIPN PRFQRLFQCL LHRALHPREP LPPIQQHIWN MLNPPAEVTT KSQIPLSKIK TLFPLIEAKK KDQVTAQEIF QDNHED GPT AKKLKTEQGG AHFSVSSLAE GSVTSVGSVN PAENFRVLVK QKKASFEEAS NQLINHIEQF LDTNETPYFM KSIDCIR AF REEAIKFSEE QRFNNFLKAL QEKVEIKQLN HFWEIVVQDG ITLITKEEAS GSSVTAEEAK KFLAPKDKPS GDTAAVFE E GGDVDDLLDM I

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Macromolecule #3: Protein PAXX

MacromoleculeName: Protein PAXX / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 21.663498 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)
SequenceString: MDPLSPPLCT LPPGPEPPRF VCYCEGEESG EGDRGGFNLY VTDAAELWST CFTPDSLAAL KARFGLSAAE DITPRFRAAC EQQAVALTL QEDRASLTLS GGPSALAFDL SKVPGPEAAP RLRALTLGLA KRVWSLERRL AAAEETAVSP RKSPRPAGPQ L FLPDPDPQ ...String:
MDPLSPPLCT LPPGPEPPRF VCYCEGEESG EGDRGGFNLY VTDAAELWST CFTPDSLAAL KARFGLSAAE DITPRFRAAC EQQAVALTL QEDRASLTLS GGPSALAFDL SKVPGPEAAP RLRALTLGLA KRVWSLERRL AAAEETAVSP RKSPRPAGPQ L FLPDPDPQ RGGPGPGVRR RCPGESLINP GFKSKKPAGG VDFDET

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Macromolecule #4: Non-homologous end-joining factor 1

MacromoleculeName: Non-homologous end-joining factor 1 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 33.372234 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)
SequenceString: MEELEQGLLM QPWAWLQLAE NSLLAKVFIT KQGYALLVSD LQQVWHEQVD TSVVSQRAKE LNKRLTAPPA AFLCHLDNLL RPLLKDAAH PSEATFSCDC VADALILRVR SELSGLPFYW NFHCMLASPS LVSQHLIRPL MGMSLALQCQ VRELATLLHM K DLEIQDYQ ...String:
MEELEQGLLM QPWAWLQLAE NSLLAKVFIT KQGYALLVSD LQQVWHEQVD TSVVSQRAKE LNKRLTAPPA AFLCHLDNLL RPLLKDAAH PSEATFSCDC VADALILRVR SELSGLPFYW NFHCMLASPS LVSQHLIRPL MGMSLALQCQ VRELATLLHM K DLEIQDYQ ESGATLIRDR LKTEPFEENS FLEQFMIEKL PEACSIGDGK PFVMNLQDLY MAVTTQEVQV GQKHQGAGDP HT SNSASLQ GIDSQCVNQP EQLVSSAPTL SAPEKESTGT SGPLQRPQLS KVKRKKPRGL FS

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Macromolecule #5: DNA

MacromoleculeName: DNA / type: dna / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Classification: DNA
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 4.503948 KDa
SequenceString:
(DA)(DT)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DT)(DC)(DT)(DA)(DG) (DA)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DC)

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Macromolecule #6: DNA

MacromoleculeName: DNA / type: dna / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Classification: DNA
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 4.673059 KDa
SequenceString:
(DG)(DA)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DC)(DT)(DA)(DG)(DA) (DG)(DG)(DG)(DA)(DT)

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Macromolecule #7: PHOSPHATE ION

MacromoleculeName: PHOSPHATE ION / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: PO4
Molecular weightTheoretical: 94.971 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-PO4:
PHOSPHATE ION / Phosphate

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration2 mg/mL
BufferpH: 8
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELDBright-field microscopy / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 2.2 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.8 µm / Nominal magnification: 130000
Sample stageSpecimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER / Cooling holder cryogen: NITROGEN
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Number grids imaged: 1 / Number real images: 13024 / Average exposure time: 1.37 sec. / Average electron dose: 52.1 e/Å2
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Particle selectionNumber selected: 1055761
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: cryoSPARC
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: cryoSPARC
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.68 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: cryoSPARC / Number images used: 173112
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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Atomic model buiding 1

Initial modelPDB ID:

1jey

Output model

PDB-7zyg:
CryoEM structure of Ku heterodimer bound to DNA, PAXX and XLF

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