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| Title | Multi-scale structures of the mammalian radial spoke and divergence of axonemal complexes in ependymal cilia. |
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| Journal, issue, pages | Nat Commun, Vol. 15, Issue 1, Page 362, Year 2024 |
| Publish date | Jan 8, 2024 |
 Authors | Xueming Meng / Cong Xu / Jiawei Li / Benhua Qiu / Jiajun Luo / Qin Hong / Yujie Tong / Chuyu Fang / Yanyan Feng / Rui Ma / Xiangyi Shi / Cheng Lin / Chen Pan / Xueliang Zhu / Xiumin Yan / Yao Cong /  |
| PubMed Abstract | Radial spokes (RS) transmit mechanochemical signals between the central pair (CP) and axonemal dynein arms to coordinate ciliary motility. Atomic-resolution structures of metazoan RS and structures ...Radial spokes (RS) transmit mechanochemical signals between the central pair (CP) and axonemal dynein arms to coordinate ciliary motility. Atomic-resolution structures of metazoan RS and structures of axonemal complexes in ependymal cilia, whose rhythmic beating drives the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid, however, remain obscure. Here, we present near-atomic resolution cryo-EM structures of mouse RS head-neck complex in both monomer and dimer forms and reveal the intrinsic flexibility of the dimer. We also map the genetic mutations related to primary ciliary dyskinesia and asthenospermia on the head-neck complex. Moreover, we present the cryo-ET and sub-tomogram averaging map of mouse ependymal cilia and build the models for RS1-3, IDAs, and N-DRC. Contrary to the conserved RS structure, our cryo-ET map reveals the lack of IDA-b/c/e and the absence of Tektin filaments within the A-tubule of doublet microtubules in ependymal cilia compared with mammalian respiratory cilia and sperm flagella, further exemplifying the structural diversity of mammalian motile cilia. Our findings shed light on the stepwise mammalian RS assembly mechanism, the coordinated rigid and elastic RS-CP interaction modes beneficial for the regulation of asymmetric ciliary beating, and also facilitate understanding on the etiology of ciliary dyskinesia-related ciliopathies and on the ependymal cilia in the development of hydrocephalus. |
 External links | Nat Commun / PubMed:38191553 / PubMed Central |
| Methods | EM (subtomogram averaging) / EM (single particle) |
| Resolution | 3.14 - 28.9 Å |
| Structure data |  EMDB-37104: 96-nm axonemal repeat with RS1/2/3  EMDB-37111: 48-nm repeat DMT  EMDB-37114: Radial Spoke 1 (RS1)  EMDB-37116: RS1 refined with head mask  EMDB-37117: Radial Spoke 2 (RS2)  EMDB-37118: Radial Spoke 2 (RS2) head  EMDB-37119: Radial Spoke 3  EMDB-37120: Radial Spoke 3 head EMDB-37949, PDB-8wzb:  EMDB-38003: The consensus map of RS head-neck dimer  EMDB-38004: consensus map of RS head-neck monomer complex  EMDB-38013: Rsph16-Rsph16' bridge region of Radial spoke head-neck dimer  EMDB-38014: Radial spoke head-neck dimer's monomer-half focuses-refinement map  EMDB-38019: RS head-neck dimer's neck focused-refinement map EMDB-38020, PDB-8x2u:  EMDB-38028: Radial spoke head-neck complex, focus-refinement on core  EMDB-38029: Focus-refinement on RS head-neck monomer's arm 1  EMDB-38030: Focus-refinement on RS head-neck monomer's arm 2  EMDB-38031: Focus-refinement on RS head-neck monomer's neck |
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 Keywords |  STRUCTURAL PROTEIN / cilia / radial spoke / complex |
