Journal: PLoS Biol / Year: 2009 Title: Structural studies of the giant mimivirus. Authors: Chuan Xiao / Yurii G Kuznetsov / Siyang Sun / Susan L Hafenstein / Victor A Kostyuchenko / Paul R Chipman / Marie Suzan-Monti / Didier Raoult / Alexander McPherson / Michael G Rossmann / Abstract: Mimivirus is the largest known virus whose genome and physical size are comparable to some small bacteria, blurring the boundary between a virus and a cell. Structural studies of Mimivirus have been ...Mimivirus is the largest known virus whose genome and physical size are comparable to some small bacteria, blurring the boundary between a virus and a cell. Structural studies of Mimivirus have been difficult because of its size and long surface fibers. Here we report the use of enzymatic digestions to remove the surface fibers of Mimivirus in order to expose the surface of the viral capsid. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) and atomic force microscopy were able to show that the 20 icosahedral faces of Mimivirus capsids have hexagonal arrays of depressions. Each depression is surrounded by six trimeric capsomers that are similar in structure to those in many other large, icosahedral double-stranded DNA viruses. Whereas in most viruses these capsomers are hexagonally close-packed with the same orientation in each face, in Mimivirus there are vacancies at the systematic depressions with neighboring capsomers differing in orientation by 60 degrees . The previously observed starfish-shaped feature is well-resolved and found to be on each virus particle and is associated with a special pentameric vertex. The arms of the starfish fit into the gaps between the five faces surrounding the unique vertex, acting as a seal. Furthermore, the enveloped nucleocapsid is accurately positioned and oriented within the capsid with a concave surface facing the unique vertex. Thus, the starfish-shaped feature and the organization of the nucleocapsid might regulate the delivery of the genome to the host. The structure of Mimivirus, as well as the various fiber components observed in the virus, suggests that the Mimivirus genome includes genes derived from both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. The three-dimensional cryoEM reconstruction reported here is of a virus with a volume that is one order of magnitude larger than any previously reported molecular assembly studied at a resolution of equal to or better than 65 Angstroms.
History
Deposition
Dec 17, 2008
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Header (metadata) release
May 5, 2009
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Map release
May 5, 2009
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Update
Sep 23, 2011
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Current status
Sep 23, 2011
Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released
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Structure visualization
Movie
Surface view with section colored by density value
Legacy - Astigmatism: objective lens astigmatism was corrected at 98,000 times magnification
Image recording
Category: FILM / Film or detector model: KODAK SO-163 FILM / Digitization - Scanner: NIKON SUPER COOLSCAN 9000 / Digitization - Sampling interval: 38.1 µm / Average electron dose: 20 e/Å2 / Details: 6.35 um scanned then bined 6 times to 38.1 um / Bits/pixel: 16
Tilt angle min
0
Tilt angle max
0
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Image processing
CTF correction
Details: Each particle
Final reconstruction
Algorithm: OTHER / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 65.0 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.5 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: Frealign / Number images used: 30919
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