Journal: Nanoscale / Year: 2015 Title: Progress toward clonable inorganic nanoparticles. Authors: Thomas W Ni / Lucian C Staicu / Richard S Nemeth / Cindi L Schwartz / David Crawford / Jeffrey D Seligman / William J Hunter / Elizabeth A H Pilon-Smits / Christopher J Ackerson / Abstract: Pseudomonas moraviensis stanleyae was recently isolated from the roots of the selenium (Se) hyperaccumulator plant Stanleya pinnata. This bacterium tolerates normally lethal concentrations of SeO3(2-) ...Pseudomonas moraviensis stanleyae was recently isolated from the roots of the selenium (Se) hyperaccumulator plant Stanleya pinnata. This bacterium tolerates normally lethal concentrations of SeO3(2-) in liquid culture, where it also produces Se nanoparticles. Structure and cellular ultrastructure of the Se nanoparticles as determined by cellular electron tomography shows the nanoparticles as intracellular, of narrow dispersity, symmetrically irregular and without any observable membrane or structured protein shell. Protein mass spectrometry of a fractionated soluble cytosolic material with selenite reducing capability identified nitrite reductase and glutathione reductase homologues as NADPH dependent candidate enzymes for the reduction of selenite to zerovalent Se nanoparticles. In vitro experiments with commercially sourced glutathione reductase revealed that the enzyme can reduce SeO3(2-) (selenite) to Se nanoparticles in an NADPH-dependent process. The disappearance of the enzyme as determined by protein assay during nanoparticle formation suggests that glutathione reductase is associated with or possibly entombed in the nanoparticles whose formation it catalyzes. Chemically dissolving the nanoparticles releases the enzyme. The size of the nanoparticles varies with SeO3(2-) concentration, varying in size form 5 nm diameter when formed at 1.0 μM [SeO3(2-)] to 50 nm maximum diameter when formed at 100 μM [SeO3(2-)]. In aggregate, we suggest that glutathione reductase possesses the key attributes of a clonable nanoparticle system: ion reduction, nanoparticle retention and size control of the nanoparticle at the enzyme site.
Download / File: emd_2939.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 270.4 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS SIGNED BYTE
Annotation
Reconstruction of Pseudomonas moraviensis stanleyae containing selenium nanoparticles
Voxel size
X=Y=Z: 91 Å
Density
Minimum - Maximum
-128.0 - 127.0
Average (Standard dev.)
9.528561590000001 (±31.384305950000002)
Symmetry
Space group: 1
Details
EMDB XML:
Map geometry
Axis order
X
Y
Z
Origin
-44
-21
14
Dimensions
1200
1228
197
Spacing
1200
1228
197
Cell
A: 111748.0 Å / B: 109200.0 Å / C: 17927.0 Å α=β=γ: 90.0 °
CCP4 map header:
mode
envelope stored as signed bytes (from -128 lowest to 127 highest)
Å/pix. X/Y/Z
91
91
91
M x/y/z
1228
1200
197
origin x/y/z
0.000
0.000
0.000
length x/y/z
111748.000
109200.000
17927.000
α/β/γ
90.000
90.000
90.000
MAP C/R/S
1
2
3
start NC/NR/NS
-21
-44
14
NC/NR/NS
1228
1200
197
D min/max/mean
-128.000
127.000
9.529
-
Supplemental data
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Sample components
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Entire : Selenium Nanoparticles contained within cells of Pseudomonas mora...
Entire
Name: Selenium Nanoparticles contained within cells of Pseudomonas moraviensis stanleyae
Components
Sample: Selenium Nanoparticles contained within cells of Pseudomonas moraviensis stanleyae
Em label: Pseudomonas moraviensis stanleyae
-
Supramolecule #1000: Selenium Nanoparticles contained within cells of Pseudomonas mora...
Supramolecule
Name: Selenium Nanoparticles contained within cells of Pseudomonas moraviensis stanleyae type: sample / ID: 1000 Details: Cells were grown in 10 mM HNaSeO3/LB for 36 hours. Medium was replaced every 8 hours. Number unique components: 1
Name: Pseudomonas moraviensis stanleyae / type: em_label / ID: 1 Details: ~80 nm selenium nanoparticles were made inside of Pseudomonas moraviensis stanleyae cells. Showing a potential clonable tag capable of making inorganic nanoparticles.
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electron tomography
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